考虑使用特征的城市公共自行车租赁点布局优化

Optimization of Urban Public Bicycle Rental Station Layout Considering Usage Features

针对站点规划布局缺少对用户使用特征的考虑,缺乏对小街区布点与调度的方法与体系的研究这些问题,首先,对温州市鹿城区的公共自行车IC卡数据进行了挖掘和分析,从时间分布、租赁点相似性、潮汐性和周期性四个方面分析了其使用特征。其次,针对公共自行车系统的使用特征,提出了一种针对小街区公共自行车布点与运力调度的方法,即先定量的根据用户用车要求、站点均衡、企业效益和顾客满意度确定两种站点——中心服务点和一般服务点的比例,再以最大服务覆盖为目标建立了站点的布设模型,并用模拟退火算法进行求解,而后定性地根据当地用地性质和地势条件进一步确定布点位置。最后,以鹿城东部作为算例,进行了站点的布设与车辆调度研究,结果表明本文的布点与调度方法具有很强的可行性与实用性。

Station planning layouts often lack consideration of the use characteristics of the passengers,and there is a lack of research on the methods and systems for the layout and scheduling of small blocks.First,the IC card data from the systems of Wenzhou Lucheng District are taken as an example for analysis.The use features are analyzed from the time distribution,rental stations’similarities,and tidal and periodic characteristics.Second,with the aim of generating the use characteristics of public bicycle systems,a method for dispatching and capacity scheduling of public bicycles in small blocks is proposed,which considers the user requirements,station balance,business efficiency,and customer satisfaction to determine the level of station—center station or general station,and make them in a appropriate ratio.Next,the largest proportion of service coverage is established for the station layout model,which is solved by simulated annealing algorithm,and then the location of the bicycle station according to land usage and terrain conditions is determined.Finally,Lucheng is taken as an example to demonstrate the proposed model of the layout station practically.