克拉玛依市乌尔禾区胡杨林下草本层物种多样性研究

Species Diversity of Understory Herb Layer of Populus euphratica Forest in Urho District of Karamay City,Xinjiang

该研究选取位于克拉玛依市乌尔禾区的典型胡杨天然林,根据生境特点设置80个1 m×1 m的小样方,采用数理统计分析林下草本层物种多样性:样方共调查到73种植物,隶属于26科58属,其中菊科、藜科和禾本科等植物种类占优势,单科单种、单属单种较多;林冠下丰富度虽高,但均匀度并不高,较高的均匀度在林间空地出现;草本层物种多样性存在明显生境多样性差异,这些差异与土壤水分、光照条件、植物高度及植物长势正相关,所以胡杨林下植物较敏感,因此,在生态保护过程中,应控制放牧,减少人工干扰;总结北疆荒漠胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)林下草本层物种多样性规律,以期为胡杨公益林经营管理和评价提供科学依据。

The species diversity in understory herb layer of the typical Populus euphratica Oliv??in Urho District of Karamay City,which is divided into 80 sample plots of 1 m×1 m according to habitat characteristics,is analyzed using mathematical statistics??With the investigation,73 species of plants belonging to 26 families and 58 genera are recorded,among which Compositae,Polygonaceae and Gramineae are the predominate plants,but more of single species,single genus or single family??Although the understory species richness is high,the species evenness is not so high,and only the forest gaps have a higher evenness of species??There are obvious habitat diversity differences in the species diversity of herb layers??These differences are positively correlated with soil moisture content,illumination,plant height and plant growth,so the understory plants of P??euphratica are sensitive??Therefore,in the process of ecological protection,grazing should be controlled to reduce human disturbance??The paper concludes the species diversity rule in the understory herb plants,with the expectation to provide scientific references for P??euphratica ecological forest management and evaluation.