城市公园小型水体夏季小气候效应实测分析——以杭州太子湾公园为例

Effects of Small-scale Waters in Urban Parks on Summer Microclimate:A Case Study of Prince Bay Park in Hangzhou

文章以杭州太子湾公园为研究对象,根据水体、植被环境的不同选取测点18个,对其不同气象因子进行实测分析。研究表明,小型水体对小气候有降温增湿作用,部分类型水体可提高局部风速,但其小气候效应易受其他景观要素影响,有时表现并不明显;湖泊的降温增湿作用高于溪流,且更有利于提高局部风速;乔木遮荫可以大幅度削弱太阳辐射,降温增湿作用显著,但是密集的植物会阻碍空气流通,降低局部风速,因此,设计时应综合考虑多种因素,合理安排水体和植物的比例及位置,以营造更为舒适的小气候环境。

The paper selects 18 measuring sites of different water and vegetation environment in the Prince Bay Park in Hangzhou,and measures and analyzes measurement of the different meteorological factors. The results show that smallscale waters have the effect of cooling and humidifying the microclimate and increasing local wind speed,but its microclimate effect is easily affected by other landscape elements,even though sometimes not obvious. The cooling and humidifying effect on lakes is higher than that on streams,and also more conducive to increasing local wind speed. Tree shade can significantly weaken solar radiation,and the cooling and humidification effect is significant,but dense plants will hinder the air circulation and reduce local wind speed. In order to create a more comfortable microclimate environment,the proportion and location of waters and plants should be rationally arranged in the design.