复发性抑郁障碍发病与季节气象要素变化的关联分析

Correlation analysis between the onset of recurrent depressive disorder and the changes of seasonal meteorological elements

目的了解抑郁障碍的复发与季节气象要素变化的相关性,为复发性抑郁障碍的防治提供参考。方法收集2013年-2017年深圳市某精神病专科医院复发性抑郁障碍住院患者病历资料和同期气象资料,对复发性抑郁障碍月入院量与同期各气象要素进行相关分析,采用多元线性回归模型进一步分析季节气象因素对抑郁障碍复发的影响。结果复发性抑郁障碍月入院量最多的三个月份分别为5月[85例(10.39%)]、7月[78例(9.54%)]和8月[77例(9.41%)];入院量最多的季节为秋季[226例(27.6%)],其次为夏季[212例(25.9%)]。不同性别的复发性抑郁障碍月入院量差异无统计学意义(χ^2=9.947,P>0.05)。复发性抑郁障碍患者月入院量与月平均降水量、月平均相对湿度呈正相关(r=0.292、0.370,P<0.05),与月平均风速呈负相关(r=-0.475,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析表明,月均风速越慢、月均湿度越高,复发性抑郁障碍入院量越高(P<0.05)。结论复发性抑郁障碍发病具有季节性,气象要素变化与复发性抑郁障碍发病存在关联,尤其是湿度与风速变化。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the onset of recurrent depressive disorder and seasonal meteorological changes in Shenzhen,and to provide references for the prevention and treatment of the disorder.Methods Data including medical records of inpatients with recurrent depressive disorder in a psychiatric hospital in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017 and the meteorological data for the same period were collected.The correlation analysis was conducted between the monthly admission amount of recurrent depressive disorder and the meteorological factors in the same period.Then the influence of seasonal meteorological factors on the recurrence of depressive disorder was determined by multiple linear regression model.Results The maximum monthly admission for recurrent depressive disorder were May[85 cases(10.39%)],July[78 cases(9.54%)]and August[77 cases(9.41%)],and the highest seasons of admission were 226 cases(27.6%)in the fall,followed by 212 cases(25.9%)in the summer.There was no statistically difference in monthly hospital admission between different genders(χ^2=9.947,P>0.05).The monthly admission of patients with recurrent depressive disorder was positively correlated with monthly average precipitation and relative humidity(r=0.292,0.370,P<0.05),and negatively correlated with the average wind speed(r=-0.475,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the admission volume of patients with recurrent depressive disorder was increased with the decrease of monthly wind speed and the increase of monthly mean humidity(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of recurrent depressive disorder is seasonal,and the changes of meteorological elements are associated with the incidence of the disorder,especially the changes of humidity and wind speed.