不同制式脉冲激光冲量耦合效应研究

Study on impulse coupling effects of different mode pulsed laser

激光主动清除空间碎片已经成为国际上的研究热点。碎片靶材在高能脉冲激光作用下的冲量耦合效应研究是实现碎片清除的基础和关键。基于单摆法模型的高速摄影测量法分别研究了ns和ms两种不同脉宽制式激光对铝合金小球的冲量耦合系数的变化规律,并从机理上分析了两种制式激光产生冲量耦合系数特性的不同。重点指出ms激光能够产生的单位面积冲量远大于ns激光,可用于清扫空间碎片。提出采用ns与ms的复合激光能够有效提高激光的能量利用率,从而获得更大的冲量耦合系数。为激光清扫空间碎片的研究提供了一条新的思路,具有很强的指导意义。

Laser space debris removal has been the hot research topic around the world. Impulse coupling introduced by high-energy pulsed laser acted on debris is the bedrock and key to achieve debris removal.To study the impulse coupling effects, the aluminium alloy-ball-hanged single pendulum movement were recorded, pushed by ns-pulsed and ms-pulsed laser respectively, with high speed camera. By analyzing the impulse coupling generation theory, difference of the impulse coupling coefficient and the variety rate between the two mode lasers was summarized. Especially, a conclusion was drew that ms-pulsed laser could produce much more unit area impulse coupling than ns-pulsed laser, available for space debris removal. Moreover, compound ms-pulsed laser with ns-pulsed laser could increase the coupling efficiency and obtain higher impulse coupling. The study in this paper indicates a new idea for laser space debris removal, which have strong directive meaning.