转生长激素基因小鼠、猪、羊的研究进展

Research Progress of Growth Hormone-Transgenic Mice,Pigs and Sheep

自美国科学家Palmiter培育出世界上第一只"超级小鼠"以来,动物育种家们掀起了转基因动物新品种培育的研究热潮.从转基因小鼠到转基因猪和羊,虽然转基因个体的体重都有所增加,但是存在的缺陷也很多,尤其是在生殖方面,使得转基因家畜无法应用到实际当中,更多的是作为疾病模型.本文对转生长激素基因小鼠、猪和羊进行了综述,回顾了超级小鼠、猪和羊研究进展以及存在的问题,并对转基因动物进行了展望.

In 1982,American scientist Palmiter introduced the fusion gene of mouse metallothionein gene promoter I(MT-I)and rat growth hormone gene(GH)into mice by microinjection,and produced the world’s first "super mouse",which opened an new era of transgenic animal researches,especially on pigs and sheep.From GH transgenic mice to transgenic pigs and sheep,although the body weight of transgenic individuals increased,there had lots of defects,especially in the reproduction performance,which limited their application.In this paper,we summarized the progress of GH transgenic mice,pigs and sheep related researches,reviewed the existing problems of these transgenic animals,and discussed the future of GH transgenic animal research.