基因工程在绵羊和山羊育种中的应用

Application of Gene Engineering in Sheep and Goat

基因工程技术可以改造生物的基因组,实现基因的删除、替换或插入.羊作为草食家畜的代表,在基因工程领域发挥着引领作用.1984年世界首例试管羊诞生;1997年世界上首例克隆羊降临,揭开了哺乳动物体细胞克隆的序幕;2006年世界首例转基因羊生产“抗凝血酶III”在欧洲上市,打开了转基因动物产品实现产业化的大门.羊作为适用于生物工程操作的大家畜,必将在基因工程领域的基础理论研究、新品种培育和人类疾病治疗等方面发挥不可替代的作用.

Gene engineering technologies could modify the genome of organisms through gene deletion,replacement or insertion.Sheep and goat are important herbivorous livestock for gene engineering researches.The world's first IVF goat was born in 1984.After that,the world's first cloned sheep was produced at 1997,which had opened a new era of mammalian somatic cell cloning.The world's first genetically modified sheep which could produce human antithrombin Ⅲ was listed in Europe,opening the door for the industrialization of genetically modified animal products.As the large animal suitable for biological engineering manipulation,sheep and goat will play even more irreplaceable roles in gene engineering basic research,breeding and human disease treatment.