摘要
新型催化方法的研究有助于实现二氧化碳和甲烷等小分子资源的高效利用,从而优化目前的碳循环工艺.二氧化碳和甲烷分子具有较高的键能,所以它们均为最稳定的分子之一.在过去十年,如何实现二氧化碳和甲烷分子的活化一直是世界难题.传统热催化通常使用化石燃料作为能源进行小分子活化,不仅效率低,同时会伴随着大量的二氧化碳生成.最近几年,一系列具有应用前景的催化方法逐步被研究验证.本文不仅系统性地介绍了光/热耦合电催化在二氧化碳和甲烷等小分子催化转化中的应用,而且对新型光/热耦合电催化剂的设计合成进行了展望.
With the large-reserve discovery and exploitation of shale gas and natural gas hydrate all over the world,the production of liquid fuels and basic chemicals by replacing petroleum with abundant shale gas and natural gas hydrate has become the focus of research and development in academia and industry.CO2 and CH4,as the main composition of shale gas and natural gas hydrate,are extremely stable and chemically inert,and thus selective activation and conversion of the two molecules remain grand challenges since the desired high-value products are more reactive than CO2 and CH4.Attributed to anthropogenic activities,billion tons of CO2 and CH4 are directly exhausted per year,and therefore,it is necessary to open up new routes to utilize the small molecular resource(Fig.1).
作者
杨德仁
汪国雄
王训
Deren Yang;Guoxiong Wang;Xun Wang(Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering,Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Catalysis,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 116023,China)
基金
the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0700101 and 2016YFA0202801)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21431003 and 21521091)
the financial support from CAS Youth Innovation Promotion (2015145)
