山东省部分放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析

Analysis of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of some radiation workers in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省部分放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变情况,为放射工作人员职业健康监护及后续研究工作提供理论基础。方法随机选取2016至2017年度在本机构进行职业健康检查的放射工作人员共819人,其年龄22~59岁,包括工业应用组190人(工业探伤、核电站),医疗应用组629人(放射诊断、治疗、核医学、介入等),为观察组;同时选取100人为对照组。按《外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变检测与评价》进行染色体畸变分析及结果判定,采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行分析,计数资料采用百分比表示,率的比较采用χ^2检验。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果观察组染色体总畸变率(0.11%)明显高于对照组(0.33%),差异有统计学意义;对照组及其他医学应用组均未发现异常。观察组中工业应用组发现1例双着丝粒型染色体畸变,介入科医护人员56人,发现2例双着丝粒畸变,观察组共发现3例异常。结论山东省部分放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率明显高于正常人群,介入组工作人员的染色体畸变异常率明显高于其他放射工作人员。

Objective To understand the chromosome aberrations of peripheral blood lymphocytes of some radiation workers in Shandong Province,and provide theoretical basis for occupational health monitoring and follow-up work of radiation workers.Methods A total of 819 radiation workers were randomly selected from the institutions for occupational health examinations from 2016 to 2017,aged 22 to 59 years,including 190 industrial application groups(industrial flaw detection,nuclear power plants),and 629 medical application groups(radiation diagnosis,treatment,nuclear medicine,intervention,etc.),for the observation group;100 people were selected as the control group.According to the"Detection and Evaluation of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Chromosome Aberration",chromosome aberration analysis and results were determined.SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for analysis.The count data was expressed as a percentage,and the ratio was compared byχ^2 test.The difference was statistically significant at P<0.05.Results The total chromosome aberration rate(0.11%)of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(0.03%),and the difference was statistically significant.No abnormalities were found in 100 patients in the control group and other medical application groups.In the observation group,1 case of dicentric chromosomal aberrations wasfound in 190 people from the industrial application group,and 2 cases of double centromere aberrationfound in 56 interventional medical workers,3 abnormalities were found in the observation group.Conclusion The chromosomal aberration rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in some radiation workers in Shandong Province was significantly higher than that of the normal population.The abnormal rate of chromosomal aberrations in the intervention group wassignificantly higher than that of other radiation workers.