2017年深圳市畜肉类兽药残留监测与分析

Test and analysis of veterinary drug residue in livestock meat in Shenzhen, 2017

目的监测和分析深圳市畜肉类食品中兽药残留水平,为进一步评估市民家畜肉类食品中兽药残留暴露量,并为政府部门监督管理提供依据。方法在深圳市10个行政区的商场超市、农贸市场及餐厅随机抽取猪肉、牛肉及猪肝样品共计240份,采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定家禽类食品中11种喹诺酮类抗生素、4种β-受体激动剂、氯霉素及五氯酚酸钠的含量。结果样品总体超标率为1.67%(4/240),超标项目只有五氯酚酸钠。而11项喹诺酮类抗生素只有恩诺沙星、环丙沙星有少量检出,检出率低于1%。4种β-受体激动剂和氯霉素类均未检出。结论2017年深圳市畜肉类食品中兽药残留水平较低,只有2.92%(7/240)的样品检出农药残留,β-受体激动剂、氯霉素未检出,达到国家畜类养殖禁用要求,但猪肝中五氯酚酸钠超标率为5.33%,猪肝五氯酚酸钠超标率显著高于猪肉和牛肉。

Objective To test and analyze the residue level of veterinary drugs in livestock meat in Shenzhen, so as to provide basis for further assessing the public exposure level of veterinary drugs in food and for government’s supervision and management. Methods A total of 240 samples, including pork, beef and pork liver, were randomly collected in supermarkets, farmers’ markets and restaurants in 10 districts of Shenzhen. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry method was used to detect 11 kinds of quinolones, four kinds of β2-ceptor agonists, chloramphenicol and sodium pentachlorophenol. Results The over-limit ratio of veterinary drug for 240 samples was 1.67%(4/240). The only over-limit item was sodium pentachlorophenol. Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin were detected, with the detection rate lower than 1%. Other 9 kinds of quinolones, 4 kinds of β2-ceptor agonists and chloramphenicol were detected. Conclusion Livestock meat has a relatively low level of veterinary drug residue in Shenzhen in 2017. Veterinary drug residues were only detected in 2.92%(7/240) of the livestock meat samples. No β2-ceptor agonists and chloramphenicol were detected, which suggested that those drugs were prohibited to use in livestock breeding. However the over-limit ratio of sodium pentachlorophenol in pork liver samples was up to 5.33%, which is significantly higher than pork and beef.