2016年-2017年北京市顺义区肺炎病例感染呼吸道病原体的流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of respiratory tract infections in patients with pneumonia in Shunyi District, Beijing from 2016 to 2017

目的研究2016年-2017年顺义区肺炎及重症肺炎病例中肺炎支原体及呼吸道病毒感染的病原学现况,分析不同月份及不同年龄段病原学检出情况及其流行病学意义。方法采用多重RT-PCR法及实时荧光PCR法,对455份呼吸道样本进行流感病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞、人偏肺、鼻病毒、冠状病毒、博卡病毒、肠道病毒和肺炎支原体的核酸检测,并进行统计分析。结果455份标本中有118例病原学检测阳性,阳性率为25.93%(118/455),肺炎支原体、流感病毒、腺病毒以及副流感病毒为主要病原体。不同年龄组的病原体阳性率不同;部分病原体在不同月份具有一定的分布规律。结论顺义地区肺炎病例感染病原体主要是肺炎支原体、流感病毒、副流感病毒以及腺病毒,根据不同年龄及不同月份各个病原体具有相应的流行规律。

Objective To study the etiological status of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and respiratory virus infection in the cases of pneumonia and severe pneumonia during 2016-2017 in Shunyi District,and to analyze the pathogen detection and its epidemiological significance in different months and different age groups.Methods Multiple RT-PCR and real-time fluorescent PCR were used in 455 samples of respiratory tract,and the nucleic acid detection of influenza A virus,influenza B virus,respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus,adenovirus,human partial lung virus,rhinovirus,coronavirus,Boka virus,enterotoxin and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected,and the results were conducted for statistical analysis.Results 118 of the 455 specimens were positive for pathogenic detection,and the positive rate was 25.93%(118/455).Mycoplasma pneumoniae,influenza virus,parainfluenza virus and adenovirus were the main pathogens.The positive rates of pathogens in different age groups were different;some pathogens had certain distribution patterns in different months.Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae,influenza virus,parainfluenza virus and adenovirus are the main pathogens of pneumonia cases in Shunyi area.According to different ages and different months,each pathogen has its epidemic law.