日常生活孕育出的神圣性——一项关于“微文物”的人类学研究

Sanctity Springing From Everyday Life: Toward an Anthropological Study of “Micro-cultural Relics”

社会生活中某些物,因为与个人或群体的长时间接触或代代流传,人们逐渐将其与自己的历史、认同、情感等主观感受联系在一起,这些物获得了超越其功利性使用价值的神圣性。在此将这些物称为“微文物”。“微文物”通过“转喻”机制获得神圣性,具有“不可异化”的特点,构成了抵抗货币同质化力量的异质性孤岛。“微文物”的存在,使人们对同一个物具有不同价值判断,形成了一种价值悖论。在现代社会,“微文物”式微,人们的时间想象更多以民族共同体为单位。“微文物”的研究,揭示了一种从时空角度对神圣性展开分析的视角,从这种视角出发,我们可以切入对更广泛的社会现象的分析。

In social life,some things,as a result of their being in contact with people for a long time or their being passed down from generation to generation among people,have been gradually associated by people with their history,identity,emotions and other subjective experiences.These things have thus acquired sanctity that transcends their utilitarian value.In this paper these objects are referred to as“micro-cultural relics”.Micro-cultural relics obtain their sanctity through the mechanism of metonymy and are characterized by‘inalienability’,which makes them“isolated islands”resisting the homogenizing power of money.About the same micro-cultural relic,people may have different value judgments,forming a kind of value paradox.In modern society,micro-cultural relics have been declining in their importance,as human temporal imagination is measured in the frame of national community.Analyzing sanctity from the time-space perspective,the study of micro-cultural relics may lead to examination of more social phenomena.