水库移民家庭支出型贫困问题研究

Research on Expenditure-based Poverty Problem of Reservoir Resettlement Family

水库移民家庭因搬迁安置,其正常收入和发展被迫暂时性中断,容易出现入不敷出的贫困问题。从定义支出型贫困的概念、发生机制与测度方式出发,并利用河南省某水库的监测评估数据进行实证分析,从中发现,支出型贫困较收入贫困多存在于水库移民群体中;就近后靠安置的水库移民单项贫困发生率均低于城镇化安置,却更多地处于至少两项以上的贫困状态中;支出型贫困脆弱性的测量结果显示非贫困户未来也有可能因为搬迁安置带来的风险而陷入支出型贫困;外部风险、家庭禀赋和安置地社会环境对于移民户的贫困脆弱性均有显著的影响。

Due to the relocation of reservoir resettlement families,the normal income and development of these families are temporarily interrupted,and these families are easy to face the poverty problem of family income less than expenditure.The concept of expenditure-based poverty is defined,and the mechanism and measurement method of expenditure-based poverty are explored.An empirical analysis is carried out based on the monitoring and evaluation data of a reservoir resettlement project in Henan Province.The study found that:(a)the expenditure-based poverty is more common in reservoir resettlement than the income-based poverty;(b)the incidence of single poverty of reservoir resettlement relocated nearby the village is lower than that relocated in urban area,but it is more in at least two poverty modes;(c)the vulnerability measurement results of expenditure-based poverty also show that the non-poor households may fall into expenditure-based poverty in the future because of the risks brought by relocation and resettlement;and(d)the external risks,family conditions and social environment of resettlement sites have significant impacts on the vulnerability of resettlement family poverty.