浅议经验面积减少法在泥沙坝前淤积计算中的问题

Discussion on the Problem of Empirical Area Reduction Method in Sedimentation Calculation before Sediment Dam

水库工程设计中,泥沙淤积计算直接关系到水库的规模、寿命及综合经济效益的发挥;坝前泥沙淤积高程的确定,直接影响到坝体设计及死水位的选择。“经验面积减少法”是用来对水库泥沙淤积分布做粗略预估的一种方法,适用于某些资料相对较少和泥沙设计相对简化的水库泥沙计算。对采用经验面积减少法推算非洲坦桑尼亚某水电站工程坝前泥沙淤积深度的结果进行了初步分析,结果表明,在无资料地区,且对工程区域缺乏实地考察及经验的情况下,经验面积减少法推算泥沙淤积深度的结果可能存在较大差异,需在设计中引起重视。

In the design of reservoir engineering,the sedimentation calculation is directly related to the scale,life time and comprehensive economic benefit of the reservoir.The determination of sedimentation elevation before the dam directly affects the design of dam and the selection of dead water level.The empirical area reduction method is a way to roughly estimate reservoir sedimentation distribution,and is suitable for the reservoir sedimentation calculation with relatively few data and relatively simplified sediment design.The calculation results of empirical area reduction method in the calculation of sedimentation depth in front of the dam of a hydropower station in Tanzania,Africa are analyzed.The results show that,in the case of no data,and no field investigation and experience in engineering area,the calculation results of empirical area reduction method may have large differences,which need to be concerned in the design of engineering.