一种复频超声加工钻的设计及有限元分析

Design and Finite Element Analysis of a Multi-Frequency Ultrasonic Machining Drilling

针对工程陶瓷等材料耐磨、抗高温但具有很高的硬度和较大的脆性,加工困难,提出了复频超声加工钻,即在变幅杆和钻杆之间放置一个自由质量块,让超声电源发出的高频和自由质量块引起的低频共同振动完成切削的一种超声加工钻,以提高钻头输出端的冲击力和加工效率。为了研究球形自由质量块对复频加工效率的影响,设计了一种可以放置球形和柱形自由质量块的复频超声加工钻,计算了具有圆锥形过渡的阶梯形变幅杆的具体尺寸和相关参数。最后对这种复频超声加工钻进行了有限元分析,发现其振动频率在一定范围内随钻杆伸出变幅杆长度的增大而减小,且满足实验规定的频率范围。

Engineering ceramic material is wear resistant and high temperature resistant but has a very high hardness and brittleness,and it is difficult to process,so a multi-frequency ultrasonic machining was putting forward,namely between the amplitude and drill pipe placed a free mass block,let the ultrasonic power supplied high frequency and the free mass introduced low frequency together vibrating and machining to improve the output impact and machining efficiency.In order to study the multi-frequency processing efficiency with spherical free mass,a multi-frequency ultrasonic machining drilling was designed,which can place spherical and cylindrical free mass,the size of the conical transited ladder shaped amplitude transformer and the related parameters were calculated.At last,the finite element analysis of this kind of multi-frequency ultrasonic machining is carried out and it is found that the vibration frequency increases with the decrease of the stretched length of the amplitude transformer in a certain range,and satisfies the frequency range of the experiment.