身体素养哲学基础、概念界定和评测体系的系统评价

Systematic Reviews of Philosophical Basis, Concept Definition and Evaluation of Physical Literacy

目的:探讨身体素养的哲学基础、概念界定与评测体系,解决身体素养的身体本源化、翻译统一化与评测制度中国化问题。方法:应用系统评价方法搜索中英文数据库,检索时间均为建库至2018年12月31日,纳入符合标准的研究文献,采用主题分析法进行定性分析。结果:共纳入文献100篇,大多数文献都采用了Whitehead提出的概念,将身体素养定义为“为了生活而重视并承担参与身体活动的责任所需要的动机、信心、身体能力及知识与理解。”突出了以一元论、现象学、存在主义为基础的哲学。大部分文献强调了学校是主要评测环境,要针对学生进行多维度的评测。结论:身体素养的哲学基础重点强调了身体的本源性,是对身体的新认识与再思考。身体素养与体育素养,在本源、维度、发展目标、受众群体和两者关系上存在明显差异,将“physical literacy”翻译成身体素养更为合适。推进身体素养评测制度中国化,要提升评测制度易操作性、评测标准地域性、评测环境覆盖性、评测维度衔接性和评测方式自主性。

Objective:Exploring the philosophical basis,concept definition,and evaluation system of physical literacy,solving the problems of body origin,translation unification and Chinese evaluation system of physical literacy.Methods:The system evaluation method was used to search the Chinese-English database.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December 31,2018,and the eligible research literature was included.The subject analysis method was used for qualitative analysis.Results:A total of 100 articles were included in the literature.Most of the literature used the concept proposed by Whitehead to define the body literacy“the motivation,confidence,physical ability and knowledge and understanding required for the responsibility of participating in physical activities for life.”Philosophy based on monism,phenomenology,and existentialism was highlighted.Most of the literature emphasizes that schools are the main assessment environment,and multi-dimensional assessment should be carried out for students.Conclusion:The philosophical basis of physical literacy emphasizes the origin of the body,which is the new understanding and re-thinking of the body.There are significant differences between physical literacy and“Ti Yu Su Yang”in terms of origin,dimension,development goal,audience group and their relationship.In order to sinicize physical literacy evaluation system,it is necessary to make the evaluation system easy to operate,the evaluation standard regional,the evaluation environment coverage,the evaluation dimension cohesion and the evaluation method autonomy.