运动通过激活卫星细胞功能延缓和改善骨骼肌衰减症的研究进展

Research Progress of Exercise in Delaying and Improving Sarcopenia by Activating Satellite Cell Function

阐述运动激活卫星细胞功能促进骨骼肌肥大的研究进展。骨骼肌衰减症(Sarcopenia)主要特征是骨骼肌肌力和质量的下降,然而Sarcopenia患者的卫星细胞出现严重“并发症”:衰老增加卫星细胞激活难度,衰老下调卫星细胞数量,衰老弱化卫星细胞重塑能力。近期研究表明,运动可调控骨骼肌细胞外基质成分,促进骨骼肌细胞自噬的发生,降低骨骼肌氧化应激水平,运动可通过激活卫星细胞促进衰老骨骼肌的肥大和提升肌肉力量,从而延缓和改善Sarcopenia骨骼肌衰减进程。极度年老的动物和人类卫星细胞均发现失去活性,因此建议及早进行运动干预,可扭转卫星细胞功能。

To expound the research progress of exercise in promoting skeletal muscle hypertrophy by activating satellite cell function.Sarcopenia(skeletal muscle attenuation syndrome)is mainly characterized by the decline in skeletal muscle strength and quality;however,some serious“complications”will appear in sarcopenia patients’satellite cells,such as aging increases the difficulty of satellite cell activation,aging reduces the number of satellite cells,and aging weakens the remodeling ability of satellite cells.Recent studies have shown that exercise can regulate the extracellular matrix components of skeletal muscle,promote the occurrence of autophagy in skeletal muscle,and reduce the oxidative stress level of skeletal muscle.Exercise can promote the hypertrophy of senescent skeletal muscle and enhance the muscle strength by activating satellite cells,which result in delaying and improving the sarcopenia skeletal muscle attenuation process.Inactivation of satellite cells is found in both extremely old animals and humans,which suggesting that the exercise intervention should be carried out earlier to reverse the function of satellite cells.