黑水虻对杂交鳢生长、肌肉组成和血清指标的影响

Effect of Black Soldier Fly Larvae on Growth Performance, Muscular Composition and Serum Indices of Hybrid Snakehead Channa argus × C.maculata

以饲料中添加乌贼膏为对照组,通过添加黑水虻干幼虫粉和黑水虻鲜虫浆对杂交鳢生长性能、形体指标、肌肉营养成分和血清指标的影响进行比较,筛选出应用效果优异的杂交鳢促摄食物质。试验选用180尾初始均质量为(83.24±0.13)g的杂交鳢,随机分为3个组,每组3个平行,每个平行20尾,分别饲喂添加3%乌贼膏(对照组)、5%黑水虻干幼虫粉及10%鲜虫浆3种物质的等氮等能试验饲料,饲养10周。试验结果显示,干虫粉组和鲜虫浆组杂交鳢的末均质量、质量增加率和特定增长率均较对照组增加,其中干虫粉组的末均质量、质量增加率、特定生长率和鲜虫浆组的特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);干虫粉组和鲜虫浆组的饵料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各组杂交鳢摄食量,形体指标肥满度、脏体比、肝体比和肠体比均无显著差异(P>0.05);干虫粉组杂交鳢背肌的脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);干虫粉组和鲜虫浆组的血清胆固醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),干虫粉组和鲜虫浆组血清甘油三酯均高于对照组,其中干虫粉组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综合可得,5%的黑水虻干幼虫粉或10%鲜虫浆可以用于杂交鳢饲料中替代乌贼膏作为促摄食物质使用,而且较乌贼膏具有更好的促生长作用。

A 10-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of three feeding stimulants on growth performance,physical indicators,muscle nutrient composition and serum indicators of hybrid snakehead Channa argus×C.maculata.The hybrid snakehead with initial body weight of(83.24±0.13)g were reared in a 1.5 m×1.5 m×2 m net cage at a density of 20 fish per cage and fed diets supplemented with 3%squid extract ointmen(SEO,control group),5%black soldier fly Hermetia illucens larvae meal(BSFLM)and 10%black soldier fly larvae pulp(BSFLP)at water temperature of 19—34℃to optimize feeding stimulants for snakehead.Results showed that the hybrid snakehead fed BSFLM and BSFLP had higher final average body weight(FABW),weight gain rate(WGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)than that the hybrid snakehead fed SEO did,significantly higher FABW,WGR and SGR in the BSFLM than those in the SEO control group(P<0.05).There was significantly lower feed conversion ratio(FCR)in BSFLM and BSFLP groups than those in the SEO control group(P<0.05),without significant differences in feed intake and physical indicators including condition factor(CF),viscera-somatic index(VSI),hepato-somatic index(HIS)and intestine somatic index(ISI)among groups(P>0.05).The hybrid snakehead in the BSFLM had significantly higher dorsal crude lipid than animals in the control group did(P<0.05),without significant difference in dry matter,and crude protein,ash,calcium and total phosphorus contents among the other groups(P>0.05).There was significantly lower content of cholesterol(CHOL)in the BSFLM and BSFLP groups than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was higher triacylglycerol(TG)content in BSFLM and BSFLP groups than that in the control group,significantly higher in the BSFLM group than that in the control group(P<0.05).It is concluded that 5%BSFLM or 10%BSFLP can be used as a substitute for SEO for hybrid snakehead,even better in SEO for growth promoting.