3种拟除虫菊酯对仿刺参幼参的急性毒性研究

Acute Toxicity of Three Types of Pyrethroids to Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

采用半静水试验法,探究3种拟除虫菊酯(溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯)对仿刺参幼参的单一急性毒性。试验结果显示,溴氰菊酯对仿刺参幼参24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为0.316、0.198、0.144、0.110 mg/L;氯氰菊酯对仿刺参幼参24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为1.475、1.100、0.925、0.787 mg/L;氰戊菊酯对仿刺参幼参24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为2.438、1.836、1.476、1.189 mg/L。3种拟除虫菊酯对仿刺参幼参的安全质量浓度分别为0.011 mg/L(溴氰菊酯)、0.079 mg/L(氯氰菊酯)、0.119 mg/L(氰戊菊酯),按照水生生物毒性分级,溴氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯对仿刺参幼参为极毒物质,氰戊菊酯对仿刺参幼参为高毒物质。本研究明确了3种拟除虫菊酯对仿刺参幼参的毒性作用,并为科学地评估仿刺参养殖环境提供数据参考。

Juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas with body weight of(2.03±0.42)g were exposed to deltamethrin at a dose of 0.07,0.10,0.14,0.21 and 0.30 mg/L,cypermethrin at a dose of 0.55,0.68,0.85,1.05 and 1.30 mg/L and fenvalerate at a dose of 0.75,0.98,1.27,1.65 and 2.15 mg/L in a 3 L glass beaker at water temperature of 19.5—21.5℃to evaluate acute toxicity of three pyrethroids to sea cucumber juveniles in a semi-static test system.The results showed that 24 h LC 50,48 h LC 50,72 h LC 50 and 96 h LC 50 of sea cucumber juvenile was 0.316,0.198,0.144 and 0.110 mg/L with safe concentration(SC)of 0.011 mg/L for deltamethrin;1.475,1.100,0.925 and 0.787 mg/L with SC of 0.079 mg/L for cypermethrin;and 2.438,1.836,1.476 and 1.189 mg/L with SC of 0.119 mg/L for fenvalerate.According to aquatic toxicity classification standard,deltamethrin and cypermethrin were extreme toxic chemical to juvenile sea cucumber,while fenvalerate was highly toxic chemicals.The findings indicated that the three pyrethroids had toxic effects on sea cucumber juveniles,which provided a reference for the sea cucumber breeding.