中华绒螯蟹胚后发育生物学零度及其有效积温

Biological zero temperature and effective accumulated temperature of postembryonic development of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)

温度是中华绒螯蟹胚后发育历期的重要影响因子。生物学零度和有效积温体现了温度和发育历期的内在关系。本实验以江苏省盐城市射阳地区培育的长江水系中华绒螯蟹良种“江海21”幼体为实验对象,设计室内单因素三处理三重复恒温实验(3个处理组分别设置恒温为20、22、24℃),定期监测发育温度和历期。通过有效积温公式计算和验证生物学零度和有效积温,采用单因素方差法对实验数据和当地5年历史监测数据进行统计学分析。实验结果表明:1)生物学零度和有效积温实验数据与历史数据的统计分析结果均无显著差异(P>0.05),可以确定中华绒螯蟹胚后发育阶段的生物学零度为6.91℃,有效积温为274.18℃?d。2)在实验温度范围内,中华绒螯蟹幼体阶段发育历期随温度升高而缩短。本实验结果可为研究中华绒螯蟹人工育苗胚后发育提供科学理论依据。

Temperature is an important factor affecting the postembryonic development duration of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis). Biological zero temperature and effective accumulated temperature reflect the intrinsic relationship between temperature and developmental duration. In this experiment, the larvae of Jianghai21, an improved species of E. sinensis bred in Sheyang area of Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, were used as experimental objects. A single factor, three treatments and three repetitive constant temperature test(constant temperature was set at 20, 22 and 24 ℃, respectively) was designed to monitor the development temperature and duration of E. sinensis at regular intervals. The biological zero and effective accumulated temperatures were calculated and validated by the effective accumulated temperature formula. The experimental data and the local five-year historical monitoring data were analyzed by single factor variance analysis. The test results showed that:1) There was no statistically significant difference between the experimental data of biological zero temperature,effective accumulated temperature and the historical data(P>0.05). It was confirmed that the biological zero and effective accumulated temperatures of E. sinensis were separately 6.91 ℃ and 274.18 ℃·d at the postembryonic stage. 2) Among the experimental temperature range, the larval development period of E. sinensis decreased with the increase of temperature. The above results can provide a scientific and theoretical basis for the study of postembryonic development of E. sinensis.