负载型磷化镍催化剂的制备及其催化应用

Preparation and application of supported nickel phosphate catalyst

综述了近年来负载型磷化镍催化剂在制备方法(还原法、热解法和溶剂热法)、活性组分和载体改性及其催化应用方面的研究进展,并对比了各种制备方法的优缺点,其中还原法流程简单,但所用温度较高,时间较长;热解法所需温度较低,制备过程简单,但易于生成副产物水;而溶剂热法具有所需温度低,物相形成过程易控制等优点。负载型磷化镍催化剂由于其良好的加氢氢解及烷烃临氢异构化等反应性能,是一类更加廉价的新型催化剂,具有很好的发展前景。

The recent advances in the preparation of supported nickel phosphide catalysts(reduction,pyrolysis and solvothermal methods),the modification of active components and supports and their catalytic applications were reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods were compared.The reduction process was simple,but the temperature was higher and reaction time was longer.The temperature required for the pyrolysis method was lower,the preparation process was simple,but it was easy to generate by-product water.Solvothermal method had the advantages of low temperature and easy control of phase formation process and so on.The supported nickel phosphide catalyst is a new type of catalyst which is cheaper and has good development prospects due to its good activity for hydrohydrogenolysis and hydroisomerization of alkanes.