基因兴奋剂:WADA该如何应对未来体育中的“作弊行为”?

Genetic Doping: WADA We do about the Future of ’Cheating’ in Sport?

由于科学和生物科技的发展,“基因兴奋剂”概念悄然成为威胁体育比赛公正性的最大杀手。在这一发展过程中,涉及操控个人自然基因特征以提高运动能力的方法,自2003年以来一直被世界反兴奋剂机构禁止。这种新生且能够帮助运动员提升运动能力的方法有着不可逆转且很难发现的性质,毫无疑问,基因兴奋剂是反兴奋剂机构目前遇到过的最困难的挑战之一。本文通过深入研究基因兴奋剂的处罚方法,从科学、法律、实务和伦理性等跨学科角度,着重分析上述多学科聚集问题与先发制人之有关基因兴奋剂禁令之关系,得出了略带鼓动性且颇具挑衅性之结论:允许基因编辑用于体育中但要将其控制在一定安全范围内,现在或许正是体育行业管理者们该思考之时机。未来体育中的作弊行为问题已经摆在我们面前,且现在正是采取行动之时。

Due to developments in science and biotechnology,the concept of‘gene doping”is emerging as the number one threat to fair play in sport.This procedure,which involves the manipulation of one”s natural genetic characteristics in order to enhance athletic ability,has been banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency since 2003.Given the irreversible and potentially undetectable nature of this nascent form of enhancement,it is clear that gene doping poses one of the toughest challenges that antidoping authorities have yet to face.By adopting an inter-disciplinary approach to the issue that focuses on the scientific,legal,practical and ethical issues associated with this pre-emptive prohibition of gene doping,this article arrives at a somewhat inflammatory and provocative conclusion:it might be time for sport”s stakeholders to consider allowing-and regulating to a safe level-the use of genetic modification in sport.The future of cheating in sport is upon us,and the time to act is now.