浅谈《学校卫生工作条例》的执法困境与对策

On the Difficulties of Law Enforcement and the Countermeasures of the Regulations on School Health Work

目的为进一步提升学校卫生监督工作社会效益,改善中小学生成长环境,同时对新时期依法治国理念下的学校卫生监督执法工作进行梳理,并针对先行《学校卫生工作条例》的执法实践进行系统分析,旨在找到现实监督执法工作困境并提出对策建议。方法通过对石景山区卫生和计划生育监督所学校卫生监督科近年来在学校监督执法工作实践中发现的问题进行归类,并利用归纳法分析学校卫生监督执法中各种违法违规行为及成因。结果从现行法律法规现况和执法工作中存在的困境出发,并对执法现况进行分析,指出只有修订和完善现行《学校卫生工作条例》才是有效提升学校监督执法工作力度的基础和依据。结论只有补充和完善《学校卫生工作条例》,将学校卫生监督工作的相关要求进行细化界定,配以完善的行政处罚规定和因地制宜的可行性实施细则,同时提升国家卫生标准在学校的强制推行力度,建立卫生和教育两行政部门的联合检查工作,才能实现立法初衷,提升学校卫生执法工作的社会效果。

Objective To further enhance the social benefits of school health supervision and improve the growth environment of primary and secondary school students,at the same time,to sort out the school health supervision and law enforcement work under the concept of ruling the country by law in the new period,and to systematically analyze the law enforcement practice of the"School Health Work Regulations"in advance,in order to find out the dilemma of actual supervision and law enforcement work,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.Methods By classifying the problems found in the practice of school health supervision and law enforcement in recent years in our school,and using inductive method to analyze the various violations and causes of school health supervision and law enforcement.Result Starting from the current situation of laws and regulations and the predicament in law enforcement,and analyzing the current situation of law enforcement,it was pointed out that only revising and perfecting the"School Health Work Regulations"could effectively enhance the strength of school supervision and law enforcement.Conclusion Only by supplementing and perfecting the"School Health Work Regulations",defining the relevant requirements of school health supervision in detail,matching with perfect administrative penalty provisions and feasible implementation rules adapted to local conditions,enhancing the compulsory implementation of national health standards in schools,and establishing a joint inspection mechanism between health and education administrative departments,can we realize the original intention of legislation and improve the social effect of school health law enforcement work.