特朗普政府对巴以问题的政策转向——从调停到共谋

The Trump Administration’s Policy Shift on the IsraelPalestine Conflict: From Mediation to Complicity

特朗普政府认定,耶路撒冷为以色列首都并搬迁美国大使馆,承认以色列对戈兰高地的主权等一系列政策彻底改变了近50年来美国对巴以问题的政策导向,在巴以问题上完全倒向以色列一边,由“调停者”转变为“共谋者”。美国对巴以问题的政策转向不是偶发事件,而是特朗普将党派利益和集团利益凌驾于国家利益之上的结果,其表面上符合其“美国优先”的施政口号,实质上却将美国主导中东局势的一个重要抓手交给了以色列,以换取美国犹太游说集团支持、扩大选民支持基础,是美国国内政治向国际政治延伸的表现。美国在巴以问题上的政策转向使巴以问题面临边缘化的风险,使巴以矛盾更加复杂,给巴以重返和谈制造了巨大的障碍。巴以问题能否重回政治解决的道路上,有待美国和以色列调整对巴以问题的战略,改变政策导向。

The Trump administration has recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and initiated the relocation of the U.S.Embassy,and has recognized Israel’s sovereignty over the Golan Heights.It has completely changed the policy orientation of the United States over the past 50 years concerning the Israel-Palestine conflict.Unduly biased toward Israel,the U.S.is now playing the role of a“conspirator”rather than“mediator”U.S.is.The U.S.policy shift on the Israel-Palestine conflict is not an accident,but a result of Trump putting partisan and group interests above national interests.Although it seems to be in line with the“America First”foreign policy,in fact the United States handed its domination of the Middle East over to Israel in exchange for the support of the American Jewish lobby and the increase of voters.It is an extension of American domestic politics to international politics.The U.S.policy shift has put the Israel-Palestine conflict at risk of being marginalized,rendering it more complicated and protracted,hence making it more difficult for Israel and Palestine to return to peace talks.Whether the Israel-Palestine conflict can have a political solution depends on the United States and Israel to adjust their strategic considerations and policy orientations towards the conflict.