微生物脂肪酶特性及工业应用

Characteristics and Industrial Applications of Microbial Lipase

脂肪酶(Lipase, EC 3.1.1.3,即甘油三酯水解酶),不仅具有催化甘油三酯水解生成甘油及脂肪酸,而且具有催化酯交换反应、转酯反应等活性。由于脂肪酶的作用温度、作用pH值范围较广,且耐有机溶剂、催化反应不需要辅酶、催化效率比较高及对环境友好等性质,使得其在食品、洗涤工业、生物传感器、医药、化妆品、生物柴油及环境治理等方面具有广泛应用。本综述着重对脂肪酶的性质及其在工业中的应用两方面进行分析。为脂肪酶相关研究提供科学依据。同时,对脂肪酶的未来发展前景进行展望。

Lipase(EC 3.1.1.3,ie,triglyceride hydrolase)not only catalyses the hydrolysis of triglycerides to produce glycerol and fatty acids,but also has the activity of catalytic transesterification and transester conversion reaction.Due to the temperature at which lipase acts,a wide range of pH and organic solvents tolerance,no need for coenzymes for catalytic reactions and the catalytic efficiency is relatively high and environment-friendly,it has been widely used in food,detergent industries,biosensor,medicine,cosmetic and biodiesel and environmental governance.This review focuses on the analysis of the properties of lipase and its application in industry aiming to provide a scientific basis for lipase-related research.