浮力负重增强式干预有助于改善2型糖尿病患者下肢运动表现

Effect of Enhanced Water Resistance Intervention on Muscle Strength of Lower Extremities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

为探讨8周浮力负重增强式训练对腿部肌力、爆发力、动作稳定度、肌力保留效果的影响,本研究招募33名2型糖尿病患者受试者,在训练前1周进行前测(等速肌力60°/s和180°/s,摆臂垂直跳,动态稳定性),将33名受试者随机分成浮力负重增强训练组(buoyancy plyometric training group, B组)(n=11)、一般增强式训练组(plyometric training group, P组)、对照组(control group, C组)(n=11)。各组按照方案进行为期8周的训练干预,干预结束后进行后测,操作人员与内容与前测一致。本研究发现,等速肌力测试、爆发力测试、身体稳定性方面C组、B组和P组的前测结果相比无显著性差异(p<0.05),说明前测组间差异不会对干预结果造成影响。经过8周运动干预后,B组和P组后测结果显著高于C组(p<0.05),且P组后测结果显著高于B组(p<0.05)。在停训4周后,B组和P组后测结果显著高于C组(p<0.05)。而肌酸激酶方面,第2周至第6周内,C组肌酸激酶值显著低于B组和P组(p<0.05),且B组肌酸激酶值显著高于P组(p<0.05)。到第4周,P组肌酸激酶值显著低于第2周(p<0.05);且P组第6周肌酸激酶值显著低于第8周(p<0.05)。到第8周,P组与C组肌酸激酶值没有显著性差异(p>0.05),B组显著高于C组(p<0.05)。本研究认为浮力负重增强式训练能够增加2型糖尿病患者下肢肌力、下肢爆发力,并且可以显著改善下肢稳定性,且其效果优于在地面进行的增强式训练。浮力负重增强式训练后下肢肌力、爆发力、稳定性衰退速度缓慢,但其机制尚有待进一步研究。

To investigate the effects of 8 weeks buoyancy weight-bearing enhanced training on leg muscle strength,explosive power, motion stability, and muscle retention, in this study, 33 patients were recruited in patients with type 2 diabetes for 1 week before training, and pretests were performed(isokinetic muscle strength 60°/s and 180°/s,swing arm vertical jump, dynamic stability), 33 subjects were randomly divided into buoyancy weight-enhancing training group(buoyancy plyometric training group, group B, n=11), general enhanced training group(plyometric training group, P group), and control group(control group, group C, n=11). Each group conducted an 8-week training intervention according to the program. After the intervention, the post-test operators and content were consistent with the previous test. This study found that there was no significant difference between the pre-test results of group C, group B and group P in the pre-test of isokinetic strength test, explosive force test and body stability(p<0.05), indicating that the difference between the pre-test groups would not be correct. The outcome of the intervention has an impact. After 8 weeks of exercise intervention, the post-test results of group B and group P were significantly higher than group C(p<0.05). The post-test results in group P were significantly higher than those in group B(p<0.05). The post-test results of group B and group P were significantly higher than group C at4 weeks after discontinuation of training(p<0.05). At the 2 nd to 6 th week, the creatine kinase value of group C was significantly lower than that of group B and group P(p<0.05). The value of creatine kinase in group B was significantly higher than that in group P(p<0.05). The level of creatine kinase at week 4 of group P was significantly lower than that of week 2(p<0.05). The level of creatine kinase in the 6 th week of the P group was significantly lower than that of the 8 th week(p<0.05). At week 8, there was no significant difference of the level of creatine kinase between group P and group C(p>0.05), group B was significantly higher than group C(p<0.05). This study suggests that buoyancy-weight-enhanced training can increase lower limb muscle strength and lower limb explosiveness in patients with type 2 diabetes, and can significantly improve lower limb stability, and its effect is superior to enhanced training on the ground. After buoyancy weight-enhanced training, the lower limb muscle strength,explosive power, and stability decline are slow, but the mechanism remains to be further studied.