基于侧面碰撞特性的B柱总成轻量化设计分析

Analysis of lightweight design of B-pillar assembly based on side impact characteristics

基于侧面碰撞吸能特点,对B柱总成进行轻量化设计。从材料、工艺、结构等方面入手,对原B柱外板和加强板进行轻量化设计,采用热成形材料替换、增加补丁板和激光拼焊等3种方案进行设计,采用侧面碰撞仿真分析对方案进行可行性验证,并将设计方案综合应用到实际车型中对方案进行检验。结果表明:3种方案均可实现轻量化设计;热成形材料替换方案的最大侵入量和侵入速度最优,材料的碰撞安全性最高;在满足碰撞安全性的前提下,激光拼焊方案和热成形材料替换方案的轻量化效果基本相当,所研究的案例轻量化效果达到减重16%左右;综合应用分析方案,在满足碰撞安全性法规的前提下,实现减重20%,同时仿真与试验误差控制在15%以内,表明研究结果可以应用于实际车型设计。

Based on the energy absorption characteristics of side impact,the lightweight design of B-pillar assembly was carried out.Con-sidering the material,process and structure,the lightweight design was carried out for the original B-pillar outer plate and reinforcing plate.Three design schemes including the scheme of hot formed steel replacement,adding patch plate and laser welding were adopted.The simulation analysis of side impact was conducted to verify the feasibility of the schemes,and the design schemes were integrated ap-plied to the actual vehicle to verify the schemes.The results show that all three schemes can realize the lightweight design.The maximum invasion amount and invasion speed of the replacement scheme of hot formed steel are the best,and the impact safety is the highest.On the premise of meeting impact safety,the lightweight effects of laser welding and hot formed steel replacement are basically equal,in the case studied,the weight reduction is up to about 16%.With the comprehensive application of the analysis schemes,it can be realized that the weight is reduced by 20%under the premise of meeting the impact regulations,and the error between simulation and test is con-trolled within 15%,which indicates that the research result can be applied to the actual vehicle design.