轮毂单元轴铆塑性成形应力应变和力学分析

Stress-strain and mechanical analysis of shaft clinching plastic forming of hub unit

针对轴铆成形装配存在内圈滚道变形以及预紧力过大或不足的问题,采用有限元方法模拟了轴铆成形过程,分析了轴铆成形后轮毂轴大变形区的应力应变特点。研究了进给位移和轮毂轴回火温度对铆压成形的影响,基于应力应变和作用力分析探讨其原因和机理。结果表明:轮毂轴轴铆成形属于压缩类变形,以剪应变为主。剪应变引起形状变化,证明了轴铆工艺轴铆力小的工艺优点;当进给位移小于一定值时,轴铆力最大值不变。仅当进给位移大于一定值时,轴铆力最大值和预紧力随着进给位移的增加而增加;随着轮毂轴回火温度降低,轴铆力最大值增加,剪应变增加,预紧力降低。

In view of the problems existing in shaft clinching forming assembly,such as deformation of inner ring raceway and excessive or insufficient clamping force,the finite element method was carried out to simulate the shaft clinching forming process,and the stress-strain characteristics in large deformation zone of shaft clinching forming were analyzed.The effects of feeding displacement and tempering temperature of hub shaft on clinching forming were studied,and the cause and mechanism were investigated based on stress-strain and me-chanical analysis.The results show that shaft clinching forming of hub shaft belongs to compression deformation,dominated by shear strain.Shear strain causes shape change,which proves the advantage of shaft clinching technology with small clinching force.When the feeding dis-placement is less than a certain value,the maximum clinching force does not change.Only when the feeding displacement exceeds a certain value,the maximum clinching force and the clamping force increase with the increase of feeding displacement.With the reduction of the tempering temperature of hub shaft,the maximum clinching force and the shear strain increase,and the clamping force decreases.