角膜塑形镜对低度近视调节幅度和调节性集合与调节比值影响

Effect of orthokeratology on the amplitude of accommodation and AC/A ratio in children with low myopia

目的对比低度近视者戴角膜塑形镜和戴框架眼镜前后调节幅度和调节性集合与比值(AC/A)的变化,观察佩戴角膜塑形镜对低度近视调节幅度和AC/A的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年5月至2014年4月共67例8~12岁低度近视(-2 D及以下),选取右眼作为研究眼,其中31例戴夜戴型角膜塑形镜,36例戴框架眼镜,测量其戴镜前和戴镜后1年屈光度、调节幅度、眼轴长度以及AC/A值。结果低度近视1年后停戴1个月等效球镜度,角膜塑形镜组为(-2.25±0.54)D,框架眼镜组为(-2.79±0.47)D,两者比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.523,P=0.000);眼轴分别为:(24.56±0.61)mm和(24.84±0.62)mm,两者比较差异有统计学意义(t=24.167,P=0.000)。两组调节幅度分别为(13.24±1.27)D和(13.81±1.11)D(t=0.471,P=0.495);AC/A值分别为:3.28±0.70和3.94±0.75(t=9.125,P=0.004)。结论低度近视者配戴角膜塑形镜相比框架眼镜能更有效减缓近视屈光度的增加、延缓眼轴的增长和降低AC/A值。

Objective To compare the change of the amplitude of accommodation and AC/A ratio between low myopia patients wearing orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses,and to observe the effect of orthokeratology on the amplitude of accommodation and AC/A ratio.Methods From May 2013 to Apr.2014,a total of 67 myopia patients with>-2.00D,aged 8-12 years,were randomly devided into two groups in this retrospective study.All cases were selected right eye as the experimental eye.Group A,31 patients,wore orthokeratology lens,and group B,36 patients,wore frame glasses.The diopter,axial length,amplitude of accommodation and AC/A were measured 1 year after wearing.Results After wearing orthokeratology lens 1 year,the patients were required to stop wearing for 1 month.The spherical equivalent refraction was(-2.25±0.54)D in orthokeratology lens group,and(-2.79±0.47)D in glasses group,the difference was significant(t=4.523,P=0.000).The axial length were(24.56±0.61)mm and(24.84±0.62)mm respectively in the two groups,the difference was statistically significant(t=24.167,P=0.000).The amplitude of accommodation were(13.24±1.27)D of group A and(13.81±1.11)D of group B,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(t=0.471,P=0.495).The AC/A was 3.28±0.70 and 3.94±0.75 respectively,the difference was significant(t=9.125,P=0.004).Conclusion For low myopia patients,wearing orthokeratology lens is more effective in slowing down the myopia development and axial growth than glasses frame.Wearing orthokeratology lens is more obvious in reducing the AC/A value.