回族老年2型糖尿病患者主要照顾者照顾感受的质性研究

Qualitative study on caring experience of main caregivers of elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hui ethnic group

目的了解回族老年2型糖尿病患者主要照顾者的照顾感受,旨在为制订符合回族文化特征的老年2型糖尿病患者护理方案提供借鉴。方法采用半结构深度访谈法,对15名回族老年2型糖尿病患者主要照顾者进行访谈。结果提炼4个主题:爱的体验、老年及女性照顾者负担较重、回族文化及生活习俗对疾病的影响、对社会支持系统的感恩与期望。4个主题中包括8个亚主题。夫妻的角度:感恩,照顾是一场修行;儿女的角度:反哺,爱的回馈;老年照顾者忽略自己的健康;女性付出较多;悲伤不是主旋律;习俗与健康的冲突;感恩国家,看病负担较轻;糖尿病知晓率低,希望获取专业的照顾支持。结论回族老年2型糖尿病患者主要照顾者负担感受较轻,老年和女性照顾者负担较重,照顾感受和照顾行为受到回族文化和生活习俗的影响;主要照顾者疾病相关知识缺乏、传统文化与健康饮食有冲突,希望得到符合其文化特征的护理支持。

Objective To understand caring experience of main caregivers of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in Hui ethnic group,and to provide reference for nursing program suitable for Hui culture.Methods Fifteen main caregivers of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of Hui ethnic group were interviewed by semi-structured in-depth interviews.Results Four themes were extracted:experience of love,heavy burden of elderly and female caregivers,influence of Hui culture and living customs on diseases,and gratitude and expectation of social support system.Eight sub-themes:perspective from husband and wife:gratitude,caring as a practice;perspective from children:feeding back,love feedback;neglect of own health in elderly caregivers;more devotion from women;unique view of life and death,sadness no longer as the main theme;conflicts between customs and health;gratitude to the country,lighter burden for seeing a doctor;low rate of disease awareness,and desire to receive professional care support.Conclusion The perceived burden of main caregivers of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hui ethnic group is not heavy.The elderly and female caregivers have heavy burden of care.Caring experience and behaviors are influenced by Hui culture and customs.Main caregivers have inadequate disease related knowledge,traditional culture and healthy eating habits have conflicts,and nursing support in line with cultural characteristics is appreciated.