论儿童的哲学与儿童哲学课

Children s Philosophy and Philosophy for Children

儿童的哲学源于儿童自身,它是“从本有而来”的哲学。从哲学的个体发生来看,哲学是涉及知情意各方面的不断生长着的智慧体系。承认儿童是哲学家,这是儿童哲学课的理论前提。儿童哲学课应展现儿童的哲学,而不是在儿童的哲学之外另搞一套所谓哲学。儿童哲学课是与经学思维相对立的,应避免灌输与说教。儿童哲学课应坚守儿童本位的原则,不宜违背儿童教育的现代观念和现代立场。将哲学看作具有既定套路,明里暗里试图让儿童去遵循这种既定套路,这类儿童哲学课其实是儿童哲学课的敌人。

With its root in children per se,children’s philosophy is a branch of philosophy“from enowning”(Ereignis).From the perspective of the individual philosophy,philosophy is a growing system of wisdom encompassing all aspects of human knowledge,emotion,and intention.The recognition that children are philosophers serves as a theoretical premise of philosophy for children(P4C),which ought to honor the centeredness of children,rather than building around a set of so-called philosophical doctrines beyond philosophy for children.Philosophy for children shall adopt a pedagogy in opposition to that followed in the teaching of Confucian classics,which featured didactic preaching and indoctrination.On the contrary,the pedagogy should adhere to the principle of being children-centered,and shall not go against the modernized values and positions upheld in the education of children.However,thinking of philosophy as acting around a set of established rules and guiding children to follow this set of rules in implicit or explicit ways is working to the contrary of the purpose of philosophy for children.