一种基于海浪发电的浮式消波堤设计与试验研究

Design and experimental study of a floating breakout based on wave power generation

为了进一步解决近海渔业养殖的供电问题,设计了一种基于海浪发电的浮式消波堤。利用波浪力学和垂荡能量转化相关公式,对适用于福建省霞浦县海域的抗风浪消波堤进行整机尺寸的设计,同时借鉴典型水力发电叶片的计算方法,对用于波浪能量捕获的消波堤外圈摆叶进行了设计,利用稳压电路对发电机输出的电能进行稳压处理,最后通过40 W小型样机的试验验证了装置的发电性能。结果显示,对于设计功率为40 W的试验样机,2 h监测区间内平均功率为42 W,最大功率为54 W;最佳负载状态下的60 s周期输出电压峰值为52 V,平均电压为20 V左右,但输出电压起伏较剧烈,来潮间隙时刻存在电压为0的区间。研究成果为海浪发电设备的设计提供参考和借鉴。

In order to further solve the power supply problem of offshore fish culture and promote the close integration of ocean energy power generation and marine fishery,a floating breakwater based on ocean wave power generation was designed.The calculation formula of the wave mechanics and the heave energy conversion was used to determine the size of the whole machine for the anti-wave breakwater in the sea area of Xiapu County in Fujian.At the same time,the calculation method of typical hydroelectricity generation blade is used to design the pendulum of the outer ring of the breakwater which is used for capturing wave energy,and the voltage-stabilizing circuit is designed to regulate the electrical energy output from the generator.Finally,the power generation performance of the device was verified by experiments on a 40 W small prototype.The results show that for the experimental prototype with a design power of 40 W,the average power in the two-hour monitoring interval is 42 W,with the maximum power of 54 W;The peak output voltage of a 60 s cycle under a better load is 52 V,and the average voltage is about 20 V,but the output voltage fluctuates sharply,and there is a voltage range of 0 at the interval of incoming tide.