战国秦墓姜戎文化群体特征之管窥——以宝鸡郭家崖秦国墓地为例

The Observation of the General Characteristics of the Jiang Rong Cultural Group Shown in the Burials of the Qin State of the Warring-States Period——Case Study on the Guojiaya Cemetery of the Qin State in Baoji

宝鸡郭家崖秦国墓地与周边同时代的大型秦国墓地具有显著区别,其特征表现为:洞室墓与设壁龛墓占据绝大多数,随葬器物种类较单一,仿铜陶簋、陶豆、附耳长颈方口壶、大喇叭口罐以及秦式鬲等未有发现,而戎式高领袋足鬲比较多见。戎式高领袋足鬲与洞室墓几乎同时出现的现象,既可相互印证彼此与姜戎文化的紧密联系,同时还从历史的角度验证了秦人与姜戎族在西周晚期直至春秋战国时的关系演变情况。

The Guojiaya Cemetery of the Qin State had sharp differences from the large-scale cemeteries of the same time span in nearby areas,the characteristics of which are that cave burials and recesses in the graves were the most popular forms,and categories of grave goods were monotonous:the pottery gui-tureen simulating bronze vessels,pottery dou-stemmed bowls,pottery square post with long neck and attached lugs,pottery jars with large trumpet-shaped mouth and Qin-style li-cauldrons,which were popularly seen in the burials of the Qin State,were never seen in this cemetery,but the Rong-style li-cauldrons with high neck and pouched legs were frequently seen.The phenomenon that Rong-style li-cauldrons and cave burials appeared almost at the same time could not only mutually confirm their close relationships with the Jiang Rong culture,but also proved the evolution of the relationship between the Qin people and Jiang Rong tribe from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring-and-Autumn and Warring-States Periods in the historical angle.