重庆市无偿献血者血液核酸筛查效果分析

Effect analysis of nucleic acid screening of blood samples from donors in Chongqing

目的对重庆市无偿献血人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)核酸检测效果进行分析,为献血者血液筛查策略的选择提供数据支持。方法通过对该中心2013-2017年献血者血液标本HBV、HCV、HIV感染性标志物检测结果的统计学分析,得到核酸检测(NAT)在重庆市无偿献血者血液筛查中的总收益和单项收益。结果667 398份血液标本中,2次酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测和NAT总的反应性为1.52%,其中ELISA方法检测反应性为1.19%,NAT反应性为0.90%。在2 150份单NAT反应性标本中,共鉴别检出反应性标本707份,其中HBV DNA反应性标本696份,HIV RNA反应性标本11份,无HCV RNA标本鉴别检出,NAT总确认收益率为1.06‰,其中HBV DNA确认收益率为1.04‰,HIV RNA确认收益率为0.02‰。结论重庆市献血者血液筛查策略中增加NAT,能有效提高血液安全,降低输血传播性疾病的风险。

Objective To analyze the effect of nucleic acid screening for hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)among blood donors in Chongqing,to provide data support for blood screening strategy among blood donors.Methods Results of infection markers HBV,HCV,HIV screening in Chongqing from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed.And the total yield and individual yield of nucleic acid tests(NAT)were evaluated.Results Among 667 398 blood samples,the total reaction rate of double ELISA-reactive and NAT-reactive was 1.52%,of which the reaction rate of ELISA-reactive was 1.19%and the NAT-reactive was 0.90%.Among 2 150 single NAT-reactive samples,a total of 707 reative samples were identified with 696 were HBV DNA reactive and 11 were HIV RNA-reactive,no HCV RNA samples were identified.The total confirmed yield rate of NAT-reactive was 1.06‰,including 1.04‰for HBV DNA-reactive and 0.02‰.for HIV RNA-reactive.Conclusion The application of NAT in blood screening can effectively improve blood safety,and reduce the risk of transmitted diseases during transfusion.