黑龙江省畜禽粪污土地承载力分析

Analysis of the Land Bearing Capacity for Livestock Manure in Heilongjiang Province,China

为探究黑龙江省畜禽粪污土地承载力现状,通过收集相关数据资料,采用《畜禽粪污土地承载力测算技术指南》中的相关计算方法,对2016年黑龙江省畜禽粪污养分供应量、农作物粪肥养分需求量以及土地承载力进行了测算。在测算分析的基础上,整理汇总了黑龙江省畜禽粪污资源化利用存在的问题,同时给出了对应问题的对策。结果表明,2016年黑龙江省农作物粪肥氮、磷养分需求量分别为1 492 115.94t和249 491.51t,畜禽粪肥氮、磷的供给量分别为319 325.34 t和54 741.49 t,农作物粪肥养分需求量是畜禽粪污养分供给量的4倍多;全省化肥氮和磷施用量远高于作物化肥氮和磷养分需求量,出现化肥施用超载现象。研究表明,就黑龙江全省而言,畜禽粪污完全能在省内进行消纳,全省畜禽养殖还有较大发展空间。

This research aims to investigate the current situation of the land bearing capacity in Heilongjiang province.Based on the official statistical date collection and the relevant calculation methods in the technical guidelines for estimating the land bearing capacity,the nutrient supply from livestock manure,the crop nutrient requirement from manure and the land bearing capacity were quantified in Heilongjiang province in 2016.On the basis of measurement and analysis,the existing problems of resource-based use from livestock and poultry manure in Heilongjiang province were summarized,and the corresponding countermeasures were given.The results showed that in 2016,the nitrogen and phosphoruscrop nutrient requirement of manure was 1 492 115.94 t and 249 491.51 t in Heilongjiang province,the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient supply of livestock manure was 319 325.34 t and 54 741.49 t,that means the crop nutrient requirement of manure was more than four times that the nutrient supply of livestock manure.The application amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in the whole province was higher than the nitrogen and phosphorus crop nutrient requirement of fertilizer,which results was overloading of fertilizer application.Our results indicated that as far as Heilongjiang province was concerned,livestock and poultry manure could be completely absorbed,there was still much room for development of livestock and poultry breeding in Heilongjiang province.