论《启蒙辩证法》中人与自然的关系

The Relations Between Man and Nature in Dialectics of Enlightenment

霍克海默和阿多诺在《启蒙辩证法》中指出,人类为了自我持存的需要,从臣服自然转向统治自然,实现了人对外界自然的统治;理性的人为了自我持存的生存需要,对自己的内在自然进行了自我约束,在确立主体地位的同时实现了人对内在自然的统治;为了社会的自我持存,在社会分工和阶级分化基础上,产生了人与人之间彼此作为人性自然的统治关系。霍克海默和阿多诺采用自我持存原则检视人与自然的关系,讨论了人与自然的统治关系,对理解人统治自然的工具理性逻辑及其对法兰克福学派后续理论的影响具有重要意义。

In Dialectics of Enlightenment,Horkheimer and Adorno point out that human beings,for the sake of self-preservation,turn from submitting to nature to ruling nature,and realize their domination over the external nature.In order to meet the needs of self-preservation,rational people self-restrain their inner nature,and realize the domination of human beings over inner nature while establishing the status of subject.In order to maintain the self-existence of the society,on the basis of social division of labor and class differentiation,there is a ruling relationship between people as human nature.Horkheimer and Adorno examine the relationship between man and nature with the principle of self-preservation,which not only discusses the governing relations between man and nature,but also helps us understand the instrumental rational logic of man governing nature and its influence on the subsequent theories of Frankfurt School.