宋代儒学复兴中的女子礼佛

Female Worshiping Buddha in Confucian Context in the Song Dynasty

宋代是儒学复兴与重建的重要时期,而佛教文化是以儒学对立面的形式存在。士大夫们强烈呼吁和倡导重建儒学的中心地位,并以排佛斥佛为己任,而与他们联系最紧密、接触最频繁的人——母亲、妻子和女儿却是佛教的信仰者,在家礼佛是她们的生活方式。这原本应该是最直接的冲突,但事实却并非如此,而是相安无事甚至和睦融洽。本文对女子礼佛现象做一解析,并以历史的眼光来认识宋代女子本身的风貌、生活境遇及其诸多层面的社会关系,从而呈现宋代女子实际社会角色的丰富内涵。

The Song Dynasty is an important period in the reconstruction and revival of Confucianism,while Confucianism and Buddhist culture placed at opposite ends of the spectrum of life.The literati pressed for the revival of Confucianism,which sought to exclude Buddhism,yet ironically the people most closely associated and who shared most frequent contact with them such as mothers,wives and daughters were often believers in Buddhism which often became an important aspect of life in the home.One might have assumed that this was the source of much conflict,but there is more evidence which suggests that on the contrary the two schools of thought lived in true peace and harmony.This paper attempts to analyze the phenomenon of female believers in the Buddha.