敲诈勒索罪中累犯情节适用实证研究

An Empirical Study on Recidivism Plots Application in Extortion and Blackmail Crimes

以2014年全国范围内敲诈勒索罪判决书为样本的实证研究发现,累犯具有前罪多为侵财犯罪、主犯比例高、多为青壮年及预谋性高的特点。分析表明累犯受到了比非累犯更重的处罚。法官把握从重处罚幅度时参考的因素包括再犯罪的时间间隔、累犯前后罪罪行轻重,而累犯前罪性质因素未对其量刑产生显著影响。在今后的量刑规范化改革中,实务部门应以定性分析为主,定量分析为辅,防止出现定量极端数字化,最终实现量刑均衡和公正。

An empirical study,which takes as a sample the written judgments for nationwide extortion and blackmail crimes in 2004,shows that recidivism features a crime mostly preceded by property-related crimes,high proportion principal criminals,high proportion young adults criminals and deliberation,and accordingly,is subject to heavier penalties than non-recidivism.The factors referred to by the judges in their judgement of heavy penalties include the time interval and seriousness of recidivism.The nature of recidivism does not significantly affect sentencing criterion.In the future reform of sentencing standardization,executive departments are supposed to focus on qualitative analysis complemented by quantitative analysis in an effort to prevent quantitative extreme digitization and ultimately achieve a balanced and fair sentencing.