幼小衔接背景下幼儿数学认知能力的发展和培养

Cultivation of Young children’s Mathematical Cognitive Ability against the Background of Linkage between Infant Education and Elementary Education

在幼小衔接这一关键时期,对幼儿进行数学认知能力的发展和培养,使幼儿适应小学阶段系统的数学教育是非常重要的。然而,当前幼小衔接阶段的数学教育却存在种种问题。本文主要根据《3-6岁儿童学习和发展指南》的相关要求,指出当前幼小衔接数学教育存在的问题,并结合认知发展理论和多元智能理论等,分析问题的原因,从教师教学和家庭教育两方面提出提升5-6岁幼儿数学认知能力可行性的方法和策略,使幼儿真正理解数和量,感知形状与空间关系,初步培养他们的逻辑思维能力,增强他们学习数学的兴趣和热情,帮助他们顺利进入小学,去接受系统的数学教育。

At the critical time of bridging infant education and elementary education,it is very important to develop and cultivate young children's mathematical cognitive ability and make them adapt to the systematic mathematics education in primary school.However,there exist many problems in mathematics education in the transition stage.Therefore,this paper,in response to the relevant requirements of Guide to Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6 Years,points out the existing problems in bridging the infant education and elementary education,and analyzes the causes of the problems by combining cognitive development theory and multiple intelligence theory.Conclusively,from the angles of both teachers'teaching and family education,feasible methods and strategies to improve 5-6 year old children's mathematical cognitive ability are proposed in order for young children to truly understand numbers and quantities and perceive the relationship between shape and space,which may train the children's logical thinking ability,enhance their interest and enthusiasm in mathematics learning,and help them enter into the primary school more smoothly to receive systematic mathematics education.