气候变化和土地利用变化对水文过程影响研究进展

Research on the Influence of Climate Change and Land Use Change on Hydrological Process

气候变化及强人类活动已经对区域水资源情势造成了一定的影响。变化环境对水文过程的影响是国际水文十年Panta Rhei计划强调的核心主题。环境变化使流域水文过程变得复杂,区域水文循环对变化环境的响应机理和不确定性研究是未来水文科学研究的重要内容。文中系统综述了气候变化、土地利用变化对区域水文过程的影响以及分布式水文模型在中、大尺度流域应用等方面的研究进展;在此基础上,进一步讨论了变化环境下水文科学领域需要强化研究的方向。

Climate change and intensive human activities have already enforced a certain impact on regional hydrological process and water regime.The impact of changing environments on hydrological processes is a central theme highlighted by the″Panta Rhei-Everything Flows″,the New Scientific Decade 2013-2022 of IAHS(International Association of Hydrological Sciences).The hydrological process of the basin is complicated by the environmental change.The research on the response mechanism and uncertainty of the regional hydrological cycle to the changing environment is an important part of future hydrological research.In this paper,the effects of climate and land use changes on regional hydrological process and the application of distributed hydrological model in large-scale watershed are reviewed systematically.On this basis,the research direction of hydrologic science under changing environment is further discussed.