安徽淮北平原农田土壤酸碱度特征及酸化趋势研究

Acidity and basicity characteristics and acidification trend of the farmland soil in Huaibei Plain, Anhui Province

通过在安徽淮北平原系统采集农田耕层土壤和深层土壤样品,分析土壤pH值及相关指标,研究该区不同成土母质、土壤类型的土壤酸碱度及空间分布特征。将研究区耕层土壤的pH值分别与深层土壤的pH值、20世纪80年代安徽省第二次土壤普查耕层土壤的pH值进行对比,从空间和时间上分析土壤酸碱度特征及酸化趋势。结果表明:研究区耕层土壤酸化趋势明显,酸性土壤占全区土壤总面积的63.38%;晚更新世黄土性古河湖相沉积物耕层土壤酸化明显,土壤以酸性为主;全新世近代黄泛冲积物耕层土壤酸化不明显,土壤以碱性为主。相对于深层土壤,66.51%的耕层土壤呈酸化;相对于20世纪80年代耕层土壤,62.55%的耕层土壤呈酸化。土壤酸化程度主要与地质背景及长期大量使用化肥有关。

Soil pH values and related indicators were investigated for arable soil and deep soil samples from the Huaibei Plain,Anhui Province so as to understand the spatial distribution features of pH values in different soil conditions such as parental material,soil type and soil pH values.The comparison of pH values in arable soil and deep soil in the study area with the results obtained in the Second Soil Survey in Anhui Province in the 1980s was undertaken to outline tempo-spatially the change features of pH values and acidity change trend.The results demonstrate a distinct increasing acidification in arable soil,where acidic soil area accounts for approx.63.38%of the study area.Late Pleistocene loess-like paleo-lacustrine facies sediments are characterized by distinct acidicity and dominated by acidified soil;while Holocene modern flood alluvial sediments are characterized by unobvious acidification and dominated by alkaline soil.66.51%of the arable soil is acidified in comparison with the deep soil.More than 62.55%of the arable soil is acidified,when comparing with the data in the 1980 s.The geologic background and long-term utilization of chemical fertilizer may take responsibility for these phenomena.