城镇化、公共教育支出与区域发展差距

Urbanization, Expenditure on Public Education and Regional Development Gap

基于2003-2016年全国31个省份面板数据,实证检验了城镇化对区域发展差距的影响,并从总量和结构两个角度,分析公共教育支出在影响过程中的调节作用。结果发现:城镇化的推进可以显著缩小区域发展差距;公共教育支出从总量和结构两个角度,都发挥了正向调节作用,但基础教育支出的调节作用大于高等教育支出。分地区实证结果发现:城镇化促进区域发展差距缩小的作用在中部最大,西部次之,东部最小;基础教育支出存在“中部塌陷”现象,但高等教育支出在各地区都发挥了正向调节作用。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2003 to 2016,we test the impact of urbanization on regional development gap through empirical experiment,and analyze the regulating effect of the expenditure on public education in the impact process from the perspectives of total amount and structure.The results show that urbanization can significantly narrow regional development gap and the expenditure on public education shows a positive regulating effect from both the total amount and the structure perspectives,but the regulating effect of the expenditure on basic education is greater than that of higher education.The empirical results of different regions show that urbanization plays the most important role in reducing regional development gap in the middle region,followed by the western region and the eastern region.There is a phenomenon of“middle region backwardness”in the expenditure on basic education,and the expenditure on higher education plays a positive regulating effect in all the three regions.