中国文学中“现实主义”的三重维度——马克思主义视阈下的布拉格汉学研究

Three Dimensions of Realism in Chinese Literature——On Sinology of Prague from the Perspective of Marxism

布拉格汉学派从马克思主义视角研究中国文学,同时也将中国文学中的“现实主义”披上了马克思主义的外衣。他们认为现实主义描写并非是机械的记录真实,而是描绘出社会发展的现实倾向。布拉格汉学派将中国文学中的现实主义创作分为三重维度:第一重是客观现实中人与人的关系,即茅盾所述;第二重是作家本身与现实的关系,即郁达夫所述;第三重是所有主观和客观特点在社会和人物方面即将展开的发展趋势,即郭沫若所述。布拉格汉学派总结出中国文学的现实主义倾向,也正是预见了中国文学的发展趋势。

Sinology of Prague conducts studies on Chinese literature from the perspective of Marxism. At the same time, it also puts "realism" in Chinese literature under the cloak of Marxism. They think that realistic description is not a mechanical record of truth, but a realistic tendency of social development. The Sinologists of Prague divide the realistic creation in Chinese literature into three dimensions. The first is the relationship between people in objective reality, which is described by Mao Dun. The second is the relationship between the writer himself and reality, which is described by Yu Dafu. The third is the development trend of all subjective and objective characteristics in society and characters, which is noticed by Guo Moruo. The Sinology of Prague summed up the realistic tendency of Chinese literature and predicted the development trend of Chinese literature.