基于核心概念的数学测评解析与教学建议——以重庆市2018年中考数学试题（A卷）为例

Mathematical Evaluation Analysis and Teaching Suggestions Based on the Core Concepts ——Taking the 2018 Junior High School Entrance Examination Mathematics Test(A Volume) in Chongqing as an Example

《义务教育数学课程标准(2011年版)》提出了10个核心概念,如何体现课程标准与课堂教学、考试评价之间的一致性已经成为广大教育工作者重点关注的问题.2018年重庆市中考数学试题坚持以《课标》为准绳,考试说明为指引,突出考查数学素养和学习能力,对学生的数感、符号感、运算能力、分析与解决问题的能力进行全面考查.通过对典型试题中学生常见错误的分析,提出基于考情研究的教学改进策略:立足课程标准,深入剖析教材;摒弃题海战术,重视知识本质;淡化解题技巧,注重通性通法;重视数式通性,提高数学运算能力;培养符号意识,提高数学表达能力;渗透数学思想方法,提高逻辑推理能力;加强教师示范性,规范答题书写格式.

The Mathematics Curriculum Standard of Compulsory Education(2011 edition)put forward 10 core concepts.How to embody them the consistency between curriculum standards and classroom teaching and examination evaluation had become a question of gradual thinking in the field of evaluation.The entrance examination of mathematics in Chongqing 2018 persisted in the curriculum standard as the criterion and guidelined as the examination instructions.Mathematical literacy and learning ability,sense of number,symbolism,computing ability,analysis and problem solving ability to conduct a comprehensive examination.Based on the analysis of the common mistakes of typical middle school students,this paper put forward the teaching improvement based on the research of situation:in-depth analysis of textbooks based on curriculum standards;abandon so much tactics,and pay attention to the knowledge;weaken skills of problem solving,pay attention to generality;pay attention to the generality of number formula,to improve the ability of mathematical operation;and to improve the ability of mathematical expression;and to infiltrate mathematical thinking methods and improve logical reasoning ability;to strengthen teachers exemplary and standardized writing formation.