猪圆环病毒2型Cap蛋白体外表达技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Expression Technology of the Cap Protein of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Vitro

猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)是猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)的主要病原。一般情况下,PCV2感染会导致被感染猪免疫力下降,造成严重的免疫抑制,引起多种病毒或细菌的混合感染或继发感染,给疾病诊断和治疗带来巨大困难。目前,兽医临床上防控PCVAD的最有效手段仍然是疫苗免疫接种,尤其以衣壳蛋白(Capsid,Cap)为靶抗原研制的PCV2基因工程疫苗备受青睐。然而,能够获得大量、可溶性、富有活性的PCV2 Cap蛋白是成功研制该疫苗的关键。综述了近些年来国内外学者利用大肠埃希菌、酵母、病毒活载体和细菌活载体等体外表达系统表达PCV2 Cap蛋白的研究进展,以期为今后PCV2快速检测技术研究和PCV2基因工程疫苗的研制提供参考。

Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)is the main pathogen of porcine circovirus associated diseases(PCVAD).PCV2 infection can cause weakened immunity and immunosuppression,and thereby trigger co-infection or secondary infection by a number of viruses and(or)bacteria in pigs,which brings great difficulty to the diagnosis and treatment of PCVAD.At present,vaccine immunization is the most effective measure to prevent and control PCVAD,especially the PCV2 genetic engineering vaccines that have been newly developed from the target antigen of capsid(Cap)protein.However,the acquisition of abundant,soluble and bioactive Cap proteins is crucial for developing the genetic engineering vaccine successfully.This article summarized the research progress on the expression technology of PCV2 Cap protein in vitro by using Escherichia coli,yeast,virus,bacterial vector and so on,with the purpose of providing reference for the development of rapid detection technology and genetic engineering vaccine of PCV2.