鸽新城疫HB株水佐剂灭活疫苗的制备及免疫特性

Preparation and Immunological Characteristics of Water Adjuvant Inactivated Vaccine of Pigeon Newcastle Disease HB Strain

为有效控制临床中赛鸽新城疫的发生,将分离到的鸽新城疫河北毒株(HB株)灭活后制备成水佐剂疫苗,并对其物理性状、安全性、毒性、最佳免疫剂量和抗体产生时间、免疫持续期和保护效果及与鸡新城疫疫苗(LaSota株)对比效果进行检测。结果显示,使用0.10%甲醛37℃灭活16 h可彻底将病毒灭活,并且对病毒的效价影响最小;制备的水佐剂疫苗安全无毒副作用,采用0.3 mL剂量免疫雏鸽后7 d,有较低水平抗体产生,21 d抗体水平达到8.1 log2,28 d达到顶峰9.0 log2;免疫30 d后保护指数为100.0;与鸡新城疫疫苗(LaSota株)进行对比发现,制备的水佐剂疫苗攻毒保护率为100%,而鸡新城疫疫苗(LaSota株)仅为30%;制备的水佐剂疫苗在4℃条件下可保存180 d,20℃条件下可保存90 d。综上,采用鸽新城疫病毒HB株制备的水佐剂疫苗可在免疫后短时间内产生有效抗体,并且在受到强毒攻击时较鸡新城疫疫苗的保护率高。

In order to effectively control the occurrence of Newcastle disease in racing pigeons in clinical practice,the isolated pigeon Newcastle disease virus Hebei strain(HB strain)was inactivated to prepare the water adjuvant vaccine,and its physical characteristics,safety,toxicity,optimal immune dose and antibody production time,immune duration and protection effects and contrast effects were tested.The results showed that the use of 0.10%formaldehyde,37℃,16 h inactivation could completely inactivate the virus and had the least impact on the virus titer.The water adjuvant vaccine was safe and non-toxic,and antibodies were produced at 7 d after immunization with 0.3 mL,which reached 8.1 log2 at 21 d,and reached a peak of 9.0 log2 at 28 d.The protective index was 100.0 after 30 days of immunization.Compared with the chicken Newcastle disease vaccine(LaSota strain),the developed water adjuvant vaccine had a 100%protection rate,while the Chicken Newcastle disease vaccine(LaSota strain)only had 30%.It could be stored for 180 d at 4℃and 90 d at 20℃.In summary,the water adjuvant vaccine prepared according to the pigeon Newcastle disease virus HB strain could produce effective antibodies in a short period of time after immunization,and the protection rate of the Newcastle disease vaccine was higher than that of the chicken Newcastle disease vaccine when racing pigeon was attacked by a strong poison.