多产品企业、中间品贸易自由化与产品范围

Multi-Product Firms,Input Trade Liberalization and Firm Product Scope

本文结合2000~2007年中国工业企业数据库和产品产量库,从生产层面刻画了我国多产品企业特征以及产品转换行为,并考察了中间品贸易自由化对企业生产产品范围的影响,研究发现:我国企业的产品结构相对单一,产品转换频率较低,企业通过产品转换实现的资源配置效应微乎其微;中间品关税下降显著促进了企业生产范围的扩张,并且在克服内生性、更换核心解释变量测算方法和采用倍差法等一系列稳健性检验以后,该研究结论依然成立;异质性检验表明,这一促进作用主要集中在高生产率企业以及新产品引入成本较低的地区;从影响机制来看,中间品贸易自由化对企业产品范围的积极影响主要来源于进口中间品价格下降而非进口产品种类增加。

Based on combined Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and Product Output Database during 2000-2007,this paper describes the characteristics of multiple-product firms and product switching behavior from the production level,and examines the impact of input trade liberalization on the firms’product scope.The study shows that the product structure of Chinese firms is relatively simple,the frequency of product switching is very low,and the resource allocation effect achieved by product switching is negligible;input trade liberalization significantly promotes the expansion of the firms’production scope,and the conclusion is still valid after adopting a series of robustness tests,such as overcoming endogeneity,replacing the calculation methods of core explanatory variable and adopting difference-in-difference method;heterogeneity tests show that this promotion is mainly concentrated in high-productivity enterprises and areas where new products are introduced at lower cost;from the perspective of impact mechanism,the positive impact of input trade liberalization on product scope mainly comes from the decline of the price of imported intermediate products rather than the increase in the types of imported products.