光质对刺芹侧耳子实体生长发育及营养品质的影响

Effects of Light on Growth and Nutritional Quality of Pleurotus eryngii Fruit Body

为探索光质对刺芹侧耳(Pleurotus eryngii)生长发育及营养品质的影响,将刺芹侧耳菌袋在出菇阶段置于红(A)、黄(B)、绿(C)、蓝(D)、白(E)光下照射,以黑暗条件为对照(CK)。结果表明:黄、绿、蓝、白光照射可缩短刺芹侧耳的生长周期,提高发育整齐程度,且蓝、白光处理的发育整齐度较好;蓝、白光处理的整菇长度(137.8 mm和147.4 mm)和菌柄长度(98.5 mm和107.7 mm)显著短于其它处理;绿、蓝、白光处理的菌柄较粗(最大直径54.8~60.8 mm,最小直径46.3~52.9 mm),但绿、白光处理的菌柄形态不匀称;黄、绿、蓝、白光处理的菌盖最大直径显著大于CK(黑暗)组,其中白光处理的菌盖最大直径最大,且生长后期约25%的菌盖长成畸形,红光和黑暗处理的菌盖多为圆形,形状整齐;蓝光及白光照射使菌盖颜色变黑、变蓝;红光照射的子实体粗蛋白含量为21.97%,显著高于其它处理;红、蓝光照射的子实体中的粗多糖含量低于黄光和黑暗处理。实验结果表明工厂化生产刺芹侧耳时,根据子实体生长状态及时调控光照,将有利于生产出适应于市场需求的产品。

To investigate the effect of light on growth and nutritional quality of Pleurotus eryngii,the bags of P.eryngii were irradiated by red(A),yellow(B),green(C),blue(D)and white(E)lights at the fruiting stage,while the dark condition was used as control(CK).The results showed that yellow,green,blue and white light irradiation shortened the growth cycle of P.eryngii and improved the developmental regularity.Blue and white light treatments resulted in better developmental regularity,with significantly shorter mushroom length(137.8 mm and 147.4 mm)and stipe length(98.5 mm and 107.7 mm).Under green,blue and white light treatments,the stipes were thicker(the maximum diameter was 54.8~60.8 mm,the minimum diameter was 46.3~52.9 mm),yet the stipes from green and white light treatment groups were not symmetrical in shape.The Maximum pileus diameters measured from yellow,green,blue and white light groups were significantly larger than CK(dark)group,in which the maximum pileus diameter was obtained by white light treatment,and about 25%of the pilei became deformed in the later growth stage,while those from red light and dark treatment groups were round and neat in shape.Blue and white light treatments led to blacker and bluer color of pileus.The crude protein content of fruit body irradiated by red light was 21.97%,which was significantly higher than those treated by other lights.The crude polysaccharide contents of fruit bodies under red and blue lights were lower than those under yellow light and dark treatments.These results indicated that,when industrially producing P.eryngii,the timely regulation of light according to the growth status of fruit bodies would be beneficial to produce products in line with market demand.