摘要
Intelligent technologies are leading to the next wave of industrial revolution in manufacturing.In developed economies,firms are embracing these advanced technologies following a sequential upgrading strategy-from digital manufacturing to smart manufacturing(digital-networked),and then to newgeneration intelligent manufacturing paradigms.However,Chinese firms face a different scenario.On the one hand,they have diverse technological bases that vary from low-end electrified machinery to leading-edge digital-network technologies;thus,they may not follow an identical upgrading pathway.On the other hand,Chinese firms aim to rapidly catch up and transition from technology followers to probable frontrunners;thus,the turbulences in the transitioning phase may trigger a precious opportunity for leapfrogging,if Chinese manufacturers can swiftly acquire domain expertise through the adoption of intelligent manufacturing technologies.This study addresses the following question by conducting multiple case studies:Can Chinese firms upgrade intelligent manufacturing through different pathways than the sequential one followed in developed economies?The data sources include semistructured interviews and archival data.This study finds that Chinese manufacturing firms have a variety of pathways to transition across the three technological paradigms of intelligent manufacturing in nonconsecutive ways.This finding implies that Chinese firms may strategize their own upgrading pathways toward intelligent manufacturing according to their capabilities and industrial specifics;furthermore,this finding can be extended to other catching-up economies.This paper provides a strategic roadmap as an explanatory guide to manufacturing firms,policymakers,and investors.
Intelligent technologies are leading to the next wave of industrial revolution in manufacturing. In developed economies, firms are embracing these advanced technologies following a sequential upgrading strategy—from digital manufacturing to smart manufacturing(digital-networked), and then to newgeneration intelligent manufacturing paradigms. However, Chinese firms face a different scenario. On the one hand, they have diverse technological bases that vary from low-end electrified machinery to leading-edge digital-network technologies; thus, they may not follow an identical upgrading pathway.On the other hand, Chinese firms aim to rapidly catch up and transition from technology followers to probable frontrunners; thus, the turbulences in the transitioning phase may trigger a precious opportunity for leapfrogging, if Chinese manufacturers can swiftly acquire domain expertise through the adoption of intelligent manufacturing technologies. This study addresses the following question by conducting multiple case studies: Can Chinese firms upgrade intelligent manufacturing through different pathways than the sequential one followed in developed economies? The data sources include semistructured interviews and archival data. This study finds that Chinese manufacturing firms have a variety of pathways to transition across the three technological paradigms of intelligent manufacturing in nonconsecutive ways. This finding implies that Chinese firms may strategize their own upgrading pathways toward intelligent manufacturing according to their capabilities and industrial specifics; furthermore,this finding can be extended to other catching-up economies. This paper provides a strategic roadmap as an explanatory guide to manufacturing firms, policymakers, and investors.
基金
This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91646102,L1824039,L1724034,L1624045,and L1524015)
the project of China’s Ministry of Education(16JDGC011)
the Chinese Academy of Engineering’s consultancy project(2019-ZD-9)
the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX04005002)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation Project(9182013)
the technology projects of the Chinese Academy of Engineering’s China Knowledge Center for Engineering Sciences(CKCEST-2019-2-13,CKCEST-2018-1-13,CKCEST-2017-1-10,and CKCEST-2015-4-2)
the UK–China Industry Academia Partnership Programme(UK-CIAPP\260)
the Volvo-supported Green Economy and Sustainable Development Projects in the Tsinghua University(20153000181)
Tsinghua Initiative Research(2016THZW).
