治疗盘专用多功能医疗垃圾罐的设计与应用效果观察

Observation on the effect of design and application of specially medical waste canister with multifunction of treatment tray

目的:研制一种治疗盘专用多功能医疗垃圾罐,观察并检验其临床应用效果。方法:采用一体两腔设计治疗盘专用多功能医疗垃圾罐,分别收纳临床医疗垃圾和生活垃圾,实现垃圾即时分类。选取29名临床科室护士,将使用普通医疗垃圾罐调查情况纳入普通组,将使用多功能医疗垃圾罐调查情况纳入多功能组,采用调查问卷的方式比较两组医疗垃圾罐使用情况、放入与处理垃圾时间和护士满意度。结果:医疗垃圾罐使用时的垃圾罐密闭性、垃圾是否回弹、垃圾掉落治疗盘、护士手部可见污渍和发生针刺伤数据,多功能组优于普通组,其差异有统计学意义(x^2=58.00,x^2=28.26,x^2=9.28,x^2=6.69,x^2=5.47;P<0.05);放入垃圾时间和处理垃圾时间多功能组优于普通组,其差异有统计学意义(t=12.99,t=14.14;P<0.05);多功能组护士满意率为96.55%,优于普通组的55.17%,差异具有统计学意义(x^2=46.68,P<0.05)。结论:研制的治疗盘专用多功能医疗垃圾罐可即时实现医疗垃圾分类,操作简单、方便,可有效避免护理中针刺伤,减少医源性损伤和感染,具有较好的临床应用前景。

Objective:To research and develop a specially medical waste canister with multifunction of treatment tray so as to observe and test its effectiveness in clinical application.Methods:The designed specially medical waste canister with multifunction of treatment tray adopted two cavities in one canister,which could collect the medical waste and non-medical waste,respectively,and realize the real-time classification for waste.A total of 29 nurses were selected and were divided into control group(used general medical waste canister)and multifunctional group(used medical waste canister with multifunction).The usage condition,the time of putting and disposing waste,and the satisfaction of nurses for medical waste canister between the two groups were compared by using questionnaire.Results:In using medical waste canister,the leakproofness,whether the waste would kick-back,whether the waste dropped on tray,the visible stains on the hands of nurse and whether occurred wound by needle in multifunctional group were better than those in control group(x^2=58.00,x^2=28.26,x^2=9.28,x^2=6.69,x^2=5.47,P<0.05).The time of putting waste and the time of disposing waste of multifunctional group were better than those of control group(t=12.99,t=14.14,P<0.05).And the satisfaction rate of nurses of multifunctional group(96.55%)was better than that of control group(55.17%)(x^2=46.68,P<0.05).Conclusion:The researched specially medical waste canister with multifunction of treatment tray can real-timely achieve classification for waste,and its operation was simple and convenient,and it can effectively avoid the wound by needle in nursing,and reduce the iatrogenic injury and infection.Therefore,it has better application prospect in clinical treatment.